Key Papers


A sampling approach to ultra-fast object location
Davies, E.R.
Real-Time Imaging, 7, no. 4, 339–355 (2001)

This paper presents new work to determine lowest bounds on the computation needed to locate objects in digital images. While it was originally applied to the rapid location of cereal grains for real-time inspection, the concepts are now being found useful as a rigorous starting point for understanding general visual search, and have an interesting relationship with the saccades of the human visual system. During 2007 this generalisation has been published in an Electronics Letter (43(9), 508), and slightly more fully in VIE 2007: a full version of the paper has been invited for the journal AMCS and is in press.


Design of efficient line segment detectors for cereal grain inspection
Davies, E.R., Bateman, M., Mason, D.R., Chambers, J. and Ridgway, C.
Pattern Recogn. Lett., 24, nos. 1–3, 421–436 (2003)

This paper arose from a grant from the Home-Grown Cereals Authority to carry out research in conjunction with DEFRA. It presents the design of sensitive, robust, real-time algorithms for locating insects amongst cereal grains. The algorithms take the form of efficient bar detectors, and have been shown to be more effective than detectors based on edge detection. They generalise to use as streak detectors, and significant interest has been shown in their use for totally different applications, such as locating veins in human retinal images. Thus the methodology is highly generic, applying well outside the area of original motivation.


An analysis of the geometric distortions produced by median and related image processing filters
Davies, E.R.
invited review in Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics, 126, 93–193 (2003)

This paper encapsulates and significantly extends Roy's work in understanding the exact extent of the geometric distortions produced by median and related filters (whose aim is largely to eliminate noise from digital images). While a continuum approximation gave useful results, later discrete structural analysis eventually led to essentially exact agreement between theory and experiment, so that the subject could be regarded as satisfactorily closed, at least for grey-scale images. This work includes theoretical models and experimental tests of the shifts produced by the whole family of rank-order filters, and as such has strong relevance and importance for mathematical morphology.


Mode filters and their effectiveness for processing colour images
Charles, D. and Davies, E.R.
Imaging Science, 52, no. 1, 3–25 (2004)

This paper investigates the properties of mode filters in grey and colour images, and extends the work of the previous paper (a) to the colour domain and (b) to provide detailed explanations of the performance of mode filters. Somewhat surprisingly, it also shows astonishing performance when applied to colour images with up to 70% impulse noise, removing the noise almost completely and amounting to a breakthrough for the low computation colour mode filter that had been devised in this work. Hitherto, mode filters seemed to be mainly useful for image enhancement, but their use for gross noise suppression is entirely new.